Feed water



(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 1.

L. DE NAEYER.

HEATING FEED WATER.

No. 370,010. Patented Sept. 13, 1 887.

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5 SheetsSheet 2.

(No Model.)

L. DE NAEYER.

HEATING FEED WATER.

No. 370,010. Patented Sept 13, 1887.

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(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 4.

L. DE NAEYER. HEATING FEED WATER.

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HEATING FEED WATER. No. 370,010. Patented Sept. 13, 1887.

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LoUIs DE NAEYER, OF WILLEBROEK, BELGIUM, ASSIGNOR TO DE NAEYER & 00., E SAME PLACE.

HEATING FEED-WATER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 370,010, dated September 13, 1887.

Application filed November 9, 1886. Serial No. 218,409.

(Nomodehl Patented in Belgium December 2, 1855, No. 71,069; in

England February 25, 1886, No. 2,769; in France April 20, 1886, No. 175,642; in Italy June 30, 1886, No. 452, and in Spain August 27, 1886, No, 6,054.

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, Lotus DE NAEYER, a subject of the King of the Belgians, and a resident of Nillebroek, Belgium, have invented new and useful Improvements in Heating Feed-lVater for Steam-Boilers, of which the following is a specification, reference being bad to the accompanying drawings.

Myimprovements are applicable to all kinds of steam-boilers, and have for their object to provide for the introduction of the feed-water and the discharge of steam in such a manner as to separate, on the one hand, the steam from the water which it tends to carry away, and, on the other hand, the water from the incrusting substances which it contains, and which it should deposit in parts of the boiler which can be easily cleaned and are not subjected to the direct action of the flame. To obtain these two results, I commence by intimately mixing the water and steam. I then cause them to circulate in such a manner that these two fluids must separate from each other, and the calcareous substances which have become insoluble will be compelled to settle down in very accessible parts of the water-chambers.

In the annexed drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a steam-boiler and connections embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a similar view illustrating a modification in the arrangement and location of parts. Fig. 3 is an end elevation of a steanrboilcr and furnace, and Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section of the same, illustrating further modifications of my invention. Figs. 5, 6, and 7 illustrate other modifications, hereinafter described, and which are especially adapted for boilers of great power. Fig. 8 shows a modification in the arrangement of the pipes which establish communication between the collectors, the reservoirs, and the feed. Figs. 9 to 12 illustrate an arrangement of devices for application to existing boilers to facilitate the deposition of calcareous substances without requiring any change in the feed. Figs. 13, 14,

and 15 show other additions to existing boilers for feeding waterinto the current of steam Figs.

and separating calcareous substances.

16 to 19 show myinvention applied to boilers of small power.

Fig. 1 shows a chief arrangement applied to one of my multitubular boilers, and in which,

as in the following arrangements, my conic joints are used throughout. The steam, passing from the collector O, enters the pipe T,

which may be either at the exterior or in the interior of the steam-reservoir R, and which conducts the steam to the top of the separator S, into which the pipe T extends nearly to the bottom ofthe sheet-metal vessel A. The feedwater is here introduced through the pipe t, and rises to the crown B B, over which it flows into the funnel O O, conveying it into the depositing-chamber D, where it rises to the crown E F, placed at the same height as 6 the crown B B. Around this crown E F is arranged an annular channel, G H, from the exterior of which the pipe 25 extends into the steam-chamber It, whence the water descends through the pipe t to the lower collector of the series of tubes. The flow of the water from the feed-pipe t to this collector is clearly indicated by dotted arrows. The flow of the steam is indicated by full arrows. After having traversed the whole quantity of water contained in the vessel A the steam passes through the annular section, which remains free, between the crown B B and the cap K,and thence passes into the stcanrchamber B through the pipe T, which extends vertically downward into the interior of this chamberin such a manner that the water carried away by the steam is projected downward by virtue of its inertia, and will mix with the water which fills the bottom of the reservoir, while the steam passing toward the dome is compelled to change its direction. It will be readily understood that the water in the vessel A, being continually traversed by the whole quantity of steam which the boiler generates, must attain the 0 temperature of this steam when it enters the chamber D, where, beingin'al most a complete state of repose, it must permit its incrusting substances to deposit at the bottom of this chamber, whence they can be removed as often 5 as desired by the blow-off valve 1?.

Fig. 2 represents a modification of the pre ceding arrangement. The depositing-chamber D is placed in front of the boiler and the steam-dome at the rear thereof. The pipes T and t are thus considerably shortened and the feeding takes place at the forward part of the boiler. passes into the separator S before it arrives in the reservoir R.

Figs. 3 and 4 rep resent another arrangement, likewise applicable to one of my inexplosive boilers. The steam-chamber R is divided into two parts, R R, by the partition a b c. The steam passes into the chamber R, coming from the steam-collector O,th rough the pipe T, which opens under the funnel 'u at the end of the feed"- pipe 15. The steam thus encounters the thin sheet of water which flows over from this funnel, mixes intimately with it, and carries away the particles of water through the entire length of the chamber R. The inertia of the water carries these particles beyond the extremity c of the partition b a, while the steam, to reach the dome and the orificeM in thelatter, must pass back through the chamber R. Immediately behind this extremity 0 is a depositing-vessel, D, where the water in a state of rest deposits the greater portion of its incrusting substances (which are removed through a blow-oft valve) before entering the pipe t, which is connected with its branches to the pipes t, leading to the lower collector of the series of tubes. The particles of water which have not been carried away to the vessel D deposit their incrusting substances at the bottom of the reservoir R, where they remain in the state of mud,and are carried away into D'by the movement of the water when this vessel is cleaned.

Figs. 5 and 6 representa more complete arrangement than the preceding, especially applicable to boilers of very great power. There are twosteam-reservoirs. The first,R,receives the steam directly from the collector 0 through the pipe T, which extends internally or externally to near the rear extremity of the reservoir. In this pipe T is a chamber, L, into which opens the extremity a of the feed-pipe i. The water which flows over from this extremity is carried away by the steam to the end of the reservoir above the depositing-vessel D, where the water, whose temperature has necessarily been raised to that of the steam when mixing with it, deposits a large portion of the substances which have be come insoluble. At the opposite extremitythat is to say, at the forward part of the boiler the two steam-reservoirs communicate through the pipe Vin such a manner that the feed water, in order to enter the reservoirs R R", must pass through nearly the entire length of the reservoir R, and continue to deposit in the latter the substances which are not retained in the vessel D. The water must afterward move to the rear, passing above the second depositing vessel, D, to reach the pipe t,

The steam leaving the collector 0' enter the part It of the reservoir R has yet A to pass along this partition a b c to reach the chamber R, and thence the steam port The steam cannot therefore fail to separate in this passage from the particles of water which it might otherwise carry away. I

Fig.8 represents a modification of the arrangement of the pipes which serve to establish communication between the collectors and the reservoirs, as well as with the feed. The pipe V, which unites the reservoirs, is at the front of the latter. The steam-pipe T extends from one extremity of the steam-collector and receives in a branch fixed upon the reservolr It a horizontal feed-pipe, which is bent at its extremity, so as to have its orifice vertical. I have, in fact, recognized that it is indispensable, in order to obviate the shocks or ars resulting from the injection of water into the steam, that the water shall leave through a nearly horizontal orifice and in an upward direction. It is in accord with reason and experience that,whatever may be the activity of the evaporation and feed, the arrangements which I have described completely separate, on the one hand, from the water anyinsoluble substances which it contains, and, on the other hand,the steam from the water which it would otherwise carry away. The same object can be attained by simple additions to existing boilers, such as those represented in Figs. 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, and 15.

Fig. 15 shows a simple application of the mode of feeding water into the current of no steam through the opening of the feed-pipe t in the interior of the steam-pipe T, in whlch are provided openings w, to permit the water carried away to fall immediately into the lower part of the reservoir R if the steam does not carry it farther. A depositing-chamber, D, has also been added.

Fig. 14. shows the addition of a receptacle, S,placed outsidethe boiler and connected with the steam-reservoir B through a steam-pipe, T, and with the water-pipe T. A partition, a a, traversed by the pipe t, forms in the upper part of the reservoir S a small steamchamber, into which opens the funnel u of the feed-pipe t. The water, heated to a temperature nearlyequal to that of the steam, de-

scends throhgh the opening e of the pipe t to near the bottom of the reservoir S, in which it deposits the substances that have become insoluble or are held in suspension. It can pass into the reservoir B only by flowing over the crowns b b, to fall into the circular channel c 0, which extends around this crown, and into which opens the pipe T". Two manholes, a a, permit the reservoir S to be easily cleaned, and the blowing-off valve 1) enables the deposited substances to be removed as often as desired.

In Fig. 13 the reservoir S is placed in the reservoir It, no other change being made.

Figs. 9, 10, 11, 12 show a general arrangement designed to facilitate the deposition of calcareous substances without changing anything in the feed. In the arrangement shown in Figs. 8 and 9 the water introduced into the reservoir It can pass to the pipe 1, which conducts it to the lower collector of the genera tor only after having traversed the pipe T, which conducts it to near the bottom of the reservoir S, whence it must rise again to the pipe T to enter the pipe t. A blow-off valve,

20 1), permits the removal of deposits from the reservoir S. The feeding can be effected as shown in Fig. 14,0r directly into the reservoir B through a pipe opening into the funnel a, Fig. 10.

In Figs. 11 and 12 the separator S is horizontal. The water passes through the pipe T, traverses the reservoir S, and enters at it through the pipe The blow-oft valve is atp.

In Figs. 16, 17, 1S, and 19 are shown similar arrangements to the preceding, and spe cially applicable to boilers of small power.

In the arrangements shown in Figs. 16 and 17 the pipe T extends into the interior and to near the bottom of the separator S, while the pipe T leaves from the top of this receptacle to convey the water to the pipet,which extends downwardto thelower collector. A

blow-01f valve, p, is applied to the separator. The feeding is etl'ected directly into the steamreservoir 1% through the extremity a of the pipe topening into full steam.

In the arrangement shown in Figs. 18 and 19 the pipe T is at the exterior of the separator S, from the top of which the pipe T t extends directly to the lower collector of the generator. For these small boilers the steamreservoir has been placed transversely to gain height while having a large diameter.

I am aware of the patent to Brazelle, August 16, 1881, No. 245,776, and Butman, July 10, 1883, Jo. 281,013, and do not claim the construction shown therein.

\Vhat I claim is c The combination of a boiler, a steam-reservoir, a feed-water pipe, a series of chambers or pipes for collecting a mixture of steam and feed-water,chambers or pipes for circulating a mixture of steam and feed-water, and a depositing-chamber communicating with the feed -water pipe, with the steamcollecting chambers or pipes, and with the mixed feedwater and steam-circulating chambers or pipes, whereby the feed-water is mixed with the steam without shocks, and the mixture of feedwater and steam circulated to effect their separation before entering the boiler, and to de posit incrusting points, substantially as shown and described.

In testimony whereoflhave signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

LOUIS DE NAEYER.

\Vitnesscs:

GEORGE BEDE, M. WAssoN.

substances at accessible 

